MERIT YARD

[Excretory Products & Elimination - VVI MCQs - MERIT YARD]

Question 1 / 40Which of the following is the most toxic nitrogenous waste?

A) Ammonia

B) Urea

C) Uric acid

D) Hippuric acid

Question 2 / 40Flame cells are the excretory structures in which of the following?

A) Earthworm

B) Cockroach

C) Planaria (Flatworms)

D) Prawn

Question 3 / 40The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a healthy individual is approximately:

A) 50 mL/min

B) 125 mL/min

C) 180 mL/min

D) 1000 mL/min

Question 4 / 40Maximum reabsorption of water and electrolytes occurs in:

A) Loop of Henle

B) PCT (Proximal Convoluted Tubule)

C) DCT (Distal Convoluted Tubule)

D) Collecting duct

Question 5 / 40The condition of accumulation of urea in blood is called:

A) Renal Calculi

B) Glomerulonephritis

C) Uremia

D) Glycosuria

Question 6 / 40A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have:

A) More sodium in urine

B) Less urea in urine

C) More glucose in urine

D) Less amino acids in urine

Question 7 / 40The human kidney is:

A) Metanephric

B) Pronephric

C) Mesanephric

D) Protonephric

Question 8 / 40Which hormone is released by JGA in response to low GFR?

A) Aldosterone

B) Renin

C) ADH

D) ANF

Question 9 / 40Presence of Glucose and Ketone bodies in urine is indicative of:

A) Renal failure

B) Bright's disease

C) Diabetes mellitus

D) Diabetes insipidus

Question 10 / 40Counter-current mechanism occurs in:

A) PCT and DCT

B) Henle's loop and Vasa recta

C) Glomerulus

D) Bowman's capsule

Question 11 / 40Human beings are:

A) Ammonotelic

B) Ureotelic

C) Uricotelic

D) Guanotelic

Question 12 / 40Reabsorption of water in DCT and Collecting duct is controlled by:

A) Oxytocin

B) ADH (Vasopressin)

C) ACTH

D) Insulin

Question 13 / 40The dialysis fluid lacks:

A) Glucose

B) Salts

C) Nitrogenous wastes

D) Water

Question 14 / 40Which of the following is responsible for maintaining an increasing osmolarity towards the inner medullary interstitium?

A) NaCl and Urea

B) K+ and Glucose

C) Ammonia and H+

D) Bicarbonate ions

Question 15 / 40ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor) is secreted by:

A) Kidney

B) Heart

C) Liver

D) Adrenal gland

Question 16 / 40The structural unit of kidney is:

A) Neuron

B) Nephron

C) Hepatocyte

D) Malpighian tubule

Question 17 / 40Sweat contains:

A) NaCl

B) Small amounts of Urea

C) Lactic acid

D) All of these

Question 18 / 40Part of nephron impermeable to water but permeable to electrolytes:

A) Descending limb of Henle's loop

B) Ascending limb of Henle's loop

C) PCT

D) Collecting duct

Question 19 / 40Antennal glands or Green glands are excretory organs in:

A) Prawns / Crustaceans

B) Spiders

C) Scorpions

D) Earthworms

Question 20 / 40Columns of Bertini are found in:

A) Liver

B) Heart

C) Kidney

D) Lungs

Question 21 / 40Sebaceous glands eliminate which substances through sebum?

A) Urea

B) Sterols, Hydrocarbons and Waxes

C) NaCl

D) Glucose

Question 22 / 40Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in:

A) Cortical nephrons

B) Juxtamedullary nephrons

C) Mammalian kidney

D) Both A and B

Question 23 / 40Podocytes are cells present in:

A) Walls of PCT

B) Inner wall of Bowman's capsule

C) Glomerular capillaries

D) Collecting duct

Question 24 / 40A decrease in blood pressure causes the release of:

A) Renin

B) ANF

C) Thyroxine

D) ADH

Question 25 / 40Average amount of urea excreted per day by a human is:

A) 5-10 g

B) 25-30 g

C) 50-60 g

D) 100 g

Question 26 / 40Ornithine cycle (Urea cycle) takes place in:

A) Kidney

B) Liver

C) Spleen

D) Pancreas

Question 27 / 40Uricotelic mode of passing nitrogenous wastes is found in:

A) Reptiles and Birds

B) Mammals and Amphibians

C) Fishes

D) Aquatic insects

Question 28 / 40Stone in the kidney (Renal calculi) is formed by:

A) Calcium oxalates

B) Sodium chloride

C) Urea crystals

D) Cholesterol

Question 29 / 40The process of release of urine is called:

A) Filtration

B) Micturition

C) Secretion

D) Defecation

Question 30 / 40Aldosterone causes reabsorption of:

A) Na+ and water

B) K+ and phosphate

C) Glucose

D) Urea

Question 31 / 40The outer layer of the kidney is a tough:

A) Cortex

B) Capsule

C) Pelvis

D) Medulla

Question 32 / 40Henle's loop is found in:

A) Medulla

B) Cortex

C) Both (mostly Medulla)

D) Pelvis

Question 33 / 40Normal pH of human urine is:

A) 4.5

B) 6.0

C) 7.4

D) 8.2

Question 34 / 40Malpighian corpuscle consists of:

A) Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule

B) PCT and DCT

C) Henle's loop and capillaries

D) Renal artery and vein

Question 35 / 40ADH acts on:

A) PCT

B) DCT and Collecting duct

C) Henle's loop

D) Bowman's capsule

Question 36 / 40Which of the following is not an excretory organ?

A) Lungs

B) Liver

C) Spleen

D) Skin

Question 37 / 40Uric acid is excreted by:

A) Pigeon

B) Human

C) Frog

D) Shark

Question 38 / 40Gout is caused by the accumulation of:

A) Urea

B) Uric acid crystals

C) Calcium oxalate

D) Ammonia

Question 39 / 40Renin is produced by:

A) Juxtaglomerular cells

B) Podocytes

C) Chief cells

D) Liver cells

Question 40 / 40Dialysing unit is called:

A) Artificial kidney

B) Heart-lung machine

C) Pace maker

D) Ventilator