Class 11 Chem - Thermodynamics - MERIT YARD
Class 11 Chem - Thermodynamics - MERIT YARD
1 / 40A thermodynamic system that can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings is strictly called an:
A) Open system
B) Closed system
C) Isolated system
D) Adiabatic system
2 / 40A thermodynamic system that can exchange energy but NOT matter with its surroundings is called a:
A) Open system
B) Isolated system
C) Closed system
D) Isobaric system
3 / 40A thermodynamic system that exchanges neither energy nor matter with its surroundings is called an:
A) Open system
B) Closed system
C) Isothermal system
D) Isolated system
4 / 40The specific part of the universe which is strictly chosen for thermodynamic observation is called the:
A) Surrounding
B) System
C) Boundary
D) Universe
5 / 40Everything outside the selected thermodynamic system is scientifically called the:
A) System
B) Enthalpy
C) Surroundings
D) Entropy
6 / 40What is the exact mathematical form of the First Law of Thermodynamics?
A) \( \Delta U = q + w \)
B) \( \Delta H = \Delta U + p\Delta V \)
C) \( \Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S \)
D) \( q = mc\Delta T \)
7 / 40A macroscopic property whose value depends strictly on the quantity or size of matter is called an:
A) Intensive property
B) Constant property
C) Isochoric property
D) Extensive property
8 / 40A macroscopic property whose value is strictly independent of the quantity or size of matter is called an:
A) Extensive property
B) Intensive property
C) Variable property
D) Enthalpic property
9 / 40Which of the following is a classic example of an Intensive property?
A) Mass
B) Temperature
C) Volume
D) Internal Energy
10 / 40Which of the following is a classic example of an Extensive property?
A) Pressure
B) Temperature
C) Volume
D) Density
11 / 40The total heat exchanged strictly at a constant volume \( (q_v) \) is exactly equal to the change in:
A) Internal Energy \( (\Delta U) \)
B) Enthalpy \( (\Delta H) \)
C) Entropy \( (\Delta S) \)
D) Free Energy \( (\Delta G) \)
12 / 40The total heat exchanged strictly at a constant pressure \( (q_p) \) is exactly equal to the change in:
A) Internal Energy \( (\Delta U) \)
B) Work Done \( (w) \)
C) Entropy \( (\Delta S) \)
D) Enthalpy \( (\Delta H) \)
13 / 40What is the correct mathematical definition of Enthalpy \( (H) \)?
A) \( H = U - pV \)
B) \( H = q + w \)
C) \( H = U + pV \)
D) \( H = \Delta G + T\Delta S \)
14 / 40For an exothermic chemical reaction, the standard change in enthalpy \( (\Delta H) \) is strictly:
A) Negative
B) Positive
C) Zero
D) Infinity
15 / 40For an endothermic chemical reaction, the standard change in enthalpy \( (\Delta H) \) is strictly:
A) Negative
B) Positive
C) Zero
D) Undefined
16 / 40The thermodynamic measure of randomness or disorder of a system is technically called:
A) Enthalpy
B) Internal Energy
C) Gibbs Energy
D) Entropy \( (S) \)
17 / 40For any spontaneous process occurring in an isolated system, the change in entropy \( (\Delta S) \) must be:
A) \( > 0 \) (Positive)
B) \( < 0 \) (Negative)
C) \( = 0 \) (Zero)
D) Constant
18 / 40What is the standard and exact mathematical equation for Gibbs Free Energy change \( (\Delta G) \)?
A) \( \Delta G = \Delta H + T\Delta S \)
B) \( \Delta G = T\Delta S - \Delta H \)
C) \( \Delta G = \Delta U - p\Delta V \)
D) \( \Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S \)
19 / 40For a process to be strictly spontaneous at a constant temperature and pressure, \( \Delta G \) must be:
A) Positive
B) Zero
C) Negative
D) Greater than \( \Delta H \)
20 / 40For any thermodynamic process perfectly at equilibrium, the exact value of \( \Delta G \) is:
A) Positive
B) Zero
C) Negative
D) Infinity
21 / 40If the calculated value of \( \Delta G \) is strictly positive \( (> 0) \), the process is known to be:
A) Spontaneous
B) At equilibrium
C) Exothermic
D) Non-spontaneous
22 / 40Hess's Law of Constant Heat Summation deals primarily with the calculation of:
A) Entropy of a reaction
B) Rate of a reaction
C) Enthalpy of a reaction
D) Equilibrium constant
23 / 40The molar heat capacity of a substance measured precisely at constant pressure is denoted by:
A) \( C_p \)
B) \( C_v \)
C) \( \Delta H \)
D) \( q_p \)
24 / 40The molar heat capacity of a substance measured precisely at constant volume is denoted by:
A) \( C_p \)
B) \( C_v \)
C) \( q_v \)
D) \( \Delta U \)
25 / 40For exactly 1 mole of an ideal gas, the mathematical relation between \( C_p \) and \( C_v \) is:
A) \( C_p + C_v = R \)
B) \( C_p - C_v = R \)
C) \( C_v - C_p = R \)
D) \( C_p / C_v = R \)
26 / 40According to IUPAC sign conventions, the work done BY the system on the surroundings is taken as:
A) Negative
B) Positive
C) Zero
D) Infinite
27 / 40According to IUPAC sign conventions, the work done ON the system by the surroundings is taken as:
A) Negative
B) Zero
C) Constant
D) Positive
28 / 40According to IUPAC conventions, heat completely absorbed BY the system from the surroundings is:
A) Negative
B) Zero
C) Positive
D) Minimal
29 / 40The absolute zero of temperature, where the entropy of a perfectly crystalline solid becomes zero, is:
A) \( 0^\circ C \)
B) \( 273 \text{ K} \)
C) \( 0 \text{ K} \)
D) \( -273 \text{ K} \)
30 / 40The accepted standard state temperature used for calculating thermodynamic data is generally:
A) \( 0 \text{ K} \)
B) \( 298 \text{ K} \)
C) \( 273 \text{ K} \)
D) \( 100^\circ C \)
31 / 40The accepted standard state pressure used for reporting thermodynamic data is precisely:
A) \( 1 \text{ bar} \)
B) \( 1 \text{ atm} \)
C) \( 1 \text{ Pascal} \)
D) \( 0 \text{ bar} \)
32 / 40The standard enthalpy of formation \( (\Delta_f H^\ominus) \) of naturally occurring elements in their stable state is:
A) Positive
B) Negative
C) \( 1 \text{ kJ/mol} \)
D) Zero
33 / 40A thermodynamic process perfectly carried out at a constant temperature is called:
A) Isothermal process
B) Isobaric process
C) Isochoric process
D) Adiabatic process
34 / 40A thermodynamic process in which absolutely no heat flows into or out of the system is called:
A) Isothermal process
B) Isochoric process
C) Isobaric process
D) Adiabatic process
35 / 40A thermodynamic process perfectly carried out at a constant pressure is scientifically called:
A) Isothermal process
B) Adiabatic process
C) Isobaric process
D) Isochoric process
36 / 40A thermodynamic process perfectly carried out at a constant volume is scientifically called:
A) Isobaric process
B) Isochoric process
C) Isothermal process
D) Cyclic process
37 / 40The standard SI unit for expressing Entropy \( (S) \) is mathematically written as:
A) \( \text{J mol}^{-1} \)
B) \( \text{kJ mol}^{-1} \)
C) \( \text{J K} \)
D) \( \text{J K}^{-1} \text{mol}^{-1} \)
38 / 40In a perfectly adiabatic process, which of the following thermodynamic quantities is strictly zero?
A) \( q \) (Heat exchanged)
B) \( w \) (Work done)
C) \( \Delta U \) (Internal Energy)
D) \( \Delta T \) (Temperature)
39 / 40The standard enthalpy of neutralization of a strong acid and strong base is always:
A) Variable
B) Constant and Negative
C) Constant and Positive
D) Zero
40 / 40"The total energy of the universe is constant." This statement strictly defines the:
A) Second Law of Thermodynamics
B) Hess's Law
C) First Law of Thermodynamics
D) Third Law of Thermodynamics
Test Analysis

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